Seminar in Medicine - Dr. Fatma Gamze Demirel

Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, is a major global health concern associated with increased morbidity and mortality in neonates. One of the most critical challenges faced by preterm neonates is the immaturity of their respiratory system, which increases the risk of complications. Therefore, implementing effective strategies to protect the respiratory system of the preterm neonates is important. The strategies are composed of both prenatal, natal and postnatal approaches. First of all prenatal care is very important; preventing preterm delivery, antenatal corticosteroid administration to pregnant women at risk of preterm delivery to stimulate lung maturation are some of them. Delivery room practices that will not cause lung damage are also critical. In the postnatal period, exogenous surfactant administration with minimal invasive techniques, non invasive ventilation support, promoting a lung protective ventilation strategy and minimizing oxygen exposure are crucial components in preventing lung injury in preterm neonates. In conclusion, protecting the respiratory system of preterm neonates requires a comprehensive approach that encompasses prenatal, natal and postnatal interventions. Implementing these strategies reduce the incidence of respiratory complications and enhance the overall well-being of preterm neonates.

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